There are mathematical calculations you can do, charts you can use and a simple hydrometer works. One of the scales is potential ABV. Use the starting SG move around the scale and see what ABV value is next to it. If it finishes below 0, add that amount to the first. So if starting ABV is 12 and you go .75 below 0 add the two and get 12.75%. Certainly close enough for homemade wine. Edited by: appleman