The easiest way to start a fist fight among winemakers is to state the ideal target pH range for a red or white wine.
The "ideal" range for red and white wines varies by winemaker, e.g., ask 10 winemakers, you'll get at least 11 opinions. Let's call it, overall, 3.2 to 3.6.
However, yeast typically thrive when the pH in the 2.9 to 3.9 range. Above that other, unwanted microorganisms can thrive as well, and below that is too acidic for most yeast strains.
If the pH is at the top or above the range, I will add tartaric acid to grapes, possibly other acids to other fruits (depends on the primary acid in the fruit). If the pH at at the bottom or below the range, potassium carbonate and calcium bicarbonate may be used, but I use them VERY sparingly, as they can impart an off flavor. Another option for an acidic must is to add a high pH liquid. Folks have used potato (water leftover from boiling potatoes) as it has a high pH.
My CA grapes this fall all started in the 3.70 to 3.80 range -- post fermentation all were below 3.50, which reinforces my "don't mess with things too quickly" mantra.