I thought about that too Dugger, but I assumed because it was a kit, those steps would have been included. I am starting to wonder if the must was too cool when the yeast was sprinkled on top. Too hot or cold will most definitely keep a yeast from taking off. I posted another thread about these kits and the instructions they provide. I am surprised to hear most say sprinkle the yeast on top of the must. I would think to at leat re hydrate it. I am still sold on the starter. I hope this will fire up for John, and I feel good that it will.